The Abstracts of Vol.4,2024
Releasing Time：07.29.2024Source：亚非发展研究所英文
Diplomatic Mechanism Capacity in the Process of Chinese Modernization
Ling Shengli
The modernization of diplomatic capacity is an important part of Chinese modernization and a key factor affecting the coordination of the “domestic and international interests”. Among all elements of diplomatic capacity, diplomatic mechanism capacity is extremely important, which represents the institutional guarantee for the construction of diplomatic capacity. To improve mechanisms and institutions of foreign affairs, it is necessary to strengthen the construction of diplomatic mechanism capacity. It is also the only way to promote the modernization of diplomatic capacity, enhance the protection of China’s interests overseas, and reflect China 's responsibility. In the new era, China has continuously improved the diplomatic mechanism capacity by strengthening the toplevel design of foreign affairs, promoting the reform of foreign institutions, improving diplomatic laws and regulations,and enhancing international institutional power. Facing the important tasks of realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation and building a community with a shared future, it is necessary to continue to strengthen the diplomatic mechanism capacity, improve diplomatic coordination mechanisms, promote the international integration of diplomatic laws and regulations, optimize the scientific and technological empowerment of diplomatic mechanisms, and enhance international institutional power.
Keywords:China’s foreign policy；diplomatic mechanism capacity；diplomatic capacity；external relations；Chinese modernization
From Amalgamation, Plurality to Consultation:the Evolution of the Concept of Security Community and Global Security Governance
Qi Haotian
Security community is an important part of the concept of a community with a shared future for mankind. Reviewing and reflecting on both the theory and practice of security communities,and exploring and interpreting the evolution of the concept, meaning, and global governance of security communities based on the idea of a community with a shared future for mankind and China 's concepts of international security governance, has significant theoretical and practical implications. Through the deconstruction and reconstruction on four levels – structure, thoughts, identity cognition, and practical actions – the concept and practice of consultative security community can be considered as the direction of the evolution of security community. The joint practice and community building of a consultative security community can better adapt to the complexity, diversity, and uncertainty of contemporary international relations and global security. The current historical stage of global economic and security development demands new regulations, internalization, and generation of order. The new community concept and China 's practices of global security governance provide new paths and possibilities for the contemporary and future security governance.
Keywords:Security Community；consultative security community；global security governance；Community with a Shared Future for Mankind; Global Security Vision；Global Security Initiative
On the Adjustment of Japan-US Alliance：Modernization，Integration and Multilateralization
Lian Degui
The Japan-US alliance is changing. At present, the adjustment of the Japan-US alliance is shown in three aspects: First, the modernization of the alliance,the United States has asked Japan to take on more responsibilities and substantially enhance its defense capability and increase its defense costs,which reflects the fact that the United States requires Japan to play a greater role due to the decline of hegemony. Second, the integration of the alliance:the two countries strengthen the joint command and combat mechanism in the military field. Japan has also achieved integration in the deployment of weapons and lost its independence. Third, the multilateralization of the alliance: in order to implement the Indo-Pacific strategy and contain China， the United States encourage Japan to establish contacts with other regions. In addition to India, Australia and ASEAN countries, Japan also conduct military cooperation with Europe with the acquiescence of the United States, to establish a multilateral strategic group with the Japan-US alliance as the core. The adjustment of the Japan-US alliance bring uncertainties to peace and stability in Asia and also tied Japan to the American chariot.
Keywords:Japan US Alliance；US Japan Security Treaty；alliance adjustment；modernization； integration；multilateralization；Indo Pacific Strategy； Asia Pacific Region
Aiming for a Quasialliance:Evolution, Motivation and Prospect of Japan-Philippines Maritime Security Cooperation
Wang Jingchao
In 2011, the Japan-Philippines relationship was upgraded to a“strategic partnership”, and the maritime security cooperation between the two countries has developed rapidly. Remarkable progress has been made in shaping a common identity, establishing cooperation mechanisms, conducting maritime exercises and training, and providing support in maritime security technology and equipment. The strengthening of security cooperation between Japan and the Philippines is not an accidental phenomenon. It is not only influenced by external pressures such as the transformation of the US alliance system and the decline of security commitments, but also driven by internal dynamics such as the urgent need for the two countries to jointly address security issues and jointly advance each other 's foreign strategies. Driven by the above multiple factors,the security interaction between Japan and the Philippines has further heated up, showing a trend of developing into a “quasialliance”. It is particularly noteworthy that the trend of the United States, Japan and the Philippines to jointly build the “three seas” linkage mechanism in the East China Sea, the Taiwan Strait and the South China Sea is becoming clear, which is bound to have a more obvious negative impact on China 's territorial sovereignty, maritime rights and interests, and external security environment.
Keywords: Japan-Philippines relations; US-Philippines relationship; maritime security cooperation; Indo-Pacific strategy; Quasialliance
Global Ocean Comprehensive Governance and China 's Contribution under the Carbon Neutrality Goal
Li Guohui
The ocean plays a crucial role in addressing global climate change and achieving carbon neutrality goals.As part of the carbon neutrality goal, ocean 's enormous potential and the comprehensive governance of the ocean have attracted international attention. Protecting and developing marine carbon sinks, reducing greenhouse gas emissions from marine activities, and making full use of clean marine energy are the main path choices for achieving carbon neutrality through the ocean. Based on carbon neutrality, comprehensive ocean governance, including marine ecological environment governance, climate governance, and marine energy governance, is promoting “crossdomain integration”. Climate governance pays more attention to the ocean, and the climate goal of carbon neutrality is also being integrated into the ocean governance mechanism. Promoting marine carbon neutrality also faces challenges such as the complexity of the governance mechanism system, the increasing politicisation of governance mechanism cooperation, the difficulty of international coordination of governance cooperation practices, and the prominent technical and cost issues. In this context, China can provide conceptual support for comprehensive ocean governance, promote and practice multilateralism in the construction of governance mechanisms, and improve the domestic comprehensive ocean governance system.
Keywords:Carbon neutrality; global ocean comprehensive governance; climate change; global governance; China 's contribution
Assessment of Damages to Marine Ecological Environment: A Case Study of the Philippines Illegal Grounded Military Vessel at Ren 'ai Jiao in South China Sea
Yang Xiao
The Philippine warship BRP Sierra Madre has been illegally “grounded” on China 's Ren 'ai Jiao (also known as Ren 'ai Reef) for 25 years. Due to the deterioration of the metal and toxins from the paint on the hulls of the military vessel, as well as the concentrated discharge of fossil fuel combustion emissions and manmade pollutants in the reef and sea area surrounding the "grounded" warship, toxins continue to spread around the vessel, causing irreversible degradation and ongoing damage to the surrounding marine life and ecosystem of the South China Sea. According to public research reports and academic papers on vessel pollution, it is crucial to conduct a parallel comparative analysis of similar historical cases and a combined qualitative and quantitative assessment of the various pollution levels of the vessel. China should make reasonable claims and hold the ship accountable based on the legal responsibilities and applicable penalty provisions that the vessel should bear.
Keywords:Philippines; Ren 'ai Jiao/Ren 'ai Reef; Grounded BRP Sierra Madre; Marine Environment; ecological environment; South China Sea
Analysis of Southeast Asia 's Strategies in the Digital Era
Qiu Jing
In today 's world, networking, digitization, and intelligence are developing in depth. Southeast Asian countries have taken measures to maintain network security, protect data rights, and promote crossborder data flow, achieving a balance between digital security and development. Southeast Asian countries implement different policies based on their national conditions, systems, and other factors, with varying emphases on security and development. The competition in digital technology combined with geopolitical factors often makes Southeast Asian countries face the difficult choice of how to choose and position themselves in the competition among big powers. Most Southeast Asian countries uphold a relatively neutral position. Even facing pressure from big powers, they still try to avoid choosing sides in order to maintain strategic autonomy and their own economic interests. Foreign investments have promoted the digital economic development of Southeast Asia. Both China and the US have large shares in the Southeast Asian digital market. Meanwhile, Southeast Asia values independent development, invests in the AI industry, cultivates local digital platforms, and tries to narrow the digital gap between countries and between urban and rural areas, thereby enhancing regional independent digital capabilities and achieving integrated development of the regional digital economy. Due to the characteristics of digital development, and geopolitical and economic situation in Southeast Asia, there are many challenges in digital cooperation between China and Southeast Asia.
Keywords:digital security; competition among major powers; Southeast Asian countries; security and development; digital autonomy