The Abstracts of Vol.2,2024
Releasing Time：03.16.2024Source：亚非发展研究所英文
The Three Global Initiatives: China' Approach to the Reform and Development of Global Governance System
Yu Jiang
At present, global governance is facing many problems, and the reform and development of the global governance system requires the participation of all countries in the world. In the face of changes of the world, times and history, China has made building a global community of shared future the main task of its diplomatic work, and calls on all countries to practise the principles of extensive consultation, joint contribution and shared benefits in global governance. This not only reflects China's responsibility as a major country, but also conforms to the objective law of human development. Within the framework of the vision of a global community of shared future, the Global Development Initiative, the Global Security Initiative and the Global Civilization Initiative are systematic ideas and specific plans for China to participate in the reform and development of the global governance system, and have a clear practical orientation. The implementation of the three initiatives has opened up new ideas for addressing the common challenges facing humanity, provided positive energy for promoting an equal and orderly multipolar world and inclusive economic globalization that benefits all, and laid a solid foundation for building a global community of shared future.
Keywords：Xi Jinping Thought on Diplomacy;a global community of shared future;global governance;Global Development Initiative;Global Security Initiative;Global Civilization Initiative
The Evolution of the AsiaPacific Order, Geopolitical Framework and China-U.S Relations
Sun Xingjie
The shift of the global center of political and economic power from the Atlantic to the Pacific is a significant trend in the international landscape of the 21st century. The restructuring of the ChinaU.S. relations and the reshaping of the AsiaPacific order are of crucial importance for the future configuration of the international order. From a longterm global historical perspective, the AsiaPacific order began to take shape in the mid19th century. After being released from the “overlay” of European colonialism, it has continuously evolved under the leadership of countries in the Pacific Rim region. Several wars from the mid19th century to the mid20th century shaped the structure of the AsiaPacific order, which evolved from multipolarity to unstable bipolarity, and then to unipolarity, with the AsiaPacific order taking on a distinctly autonomous character and becoming the center of the global international order. The development of the AsiaPacific order is characterized by geopolitical and geoeconomic divisions and collisions. In the 20th century, the United States and Japan twice formed a bipolarity in the AsiaPacific region, and their competition shaped the geopolitical and geoeconomic framework of the AsiaPacific order. The rise and rejuvenation of China is a major event in the AsiaPacific geopolitical and economic space and is also part of the complex and synergetic development process of the AsiaPacific order.
Keywords：Asia-Pacific order;international system;autonomy;geopolitics; geo-economics;China U.S.relations
The Institutional Checks and Balancing of the U.S. on China and its Impacts from the Perspective of National Security Strategy
Xia Liping
Since the second decade of the 21st century, the theory of institutional checks and balancing has become one of the leading theories of US foreign policy especially US policy toward China in the postCold War period. From the perspective of the US national security strategy, it can be seen that successive US Administrations since 2001 have imposed more and more restrictions on China, and the strategy of institutional checks and balancing to China has undergone a transformation from inclusiveness to exclusivity. The Bush administration adopted an inclusive institutional balancing strategy aimed at incorporating China into the US led international system. The Obama administration adopted a mixed and inclusive system of checks and balancing with China in its policy of hedging against China. The Trump administration mainly used the domestic laws and systems of the United States to exercise exclusive institutional checks and balancing against China. The Biden administration, on the other hand, has established a “small circle” system of exclusive checks and balancing against China. It has implemented institutional checks and balancing against China in the hightech field, and tried to delay China's hightech development to some extent, but it has also encouraged China to build an independent and complete hightech production chain as much as possible. It also has a “backlash” effect on the US hightech industry and domestic economy. The US policy of institutional Checks and Balancing against China cannot fundamentally change the trend of economic globalization.
Keywords：U.S. National Security Strategy;the theory of institutional checks and balancing;the Biden administration;US policy toward China
The rise of the“Global South” and geostrategic competition—An Analysis of the paths and methods of the United States, Japan and Europe
Ge Jianhua
The great changes unseen in a century are accelerating, and the“Global South” has become an emerging international political force rising in all directions. The United States, Japan and Europe strive to leverage their relations with the “Global South” and take their support as an important means to achieve strategic goals and maintain the leadership of the international system. The three parties cooperated with each other to form a connection, introduced various measures to link the “Global South”, combined differentiation and cooptism, and politicized and instrumentalized the “Global South” from the perspective of geostrategic competition. Japan has taken the lead in setting the agenda for the “Global South”, followed by the United States and Europe. In terms of specific practices, the United States mainly pursuing a policy of deterrence and differentiation based on “camp” thinking, while Japan and Europe are playing on both sides, both following the pace of the United States, and mainly using soft cooptation, so as to achieve their own goal of “strategic independence” goal. As a country of the “Global South”, China will take the promotion of unity as its mission, constantly seek the highest common denominator, expand the common interests of all countries, and stand firmly on the side of historical correctness and human progress.
Keywords： United States;Japan; Europe; Global South,international order; great power competition;geopolitics
Analysis of the U.S. Global Water Resources Security Strategy
Ren Na
With its relative powerwanes, the United States' hegemony faces a transition towards fragmentation and issuebased focus. Among the various security issues, water resources have become an important component of US national security due to their sensitivity. In 2022, the United States successively released the “White House Action Plan on Global Water Security” and the second “US Global Water Strategy”, which set out the strategic goals, principles, priorities, implementation paths, and project planning for the United States in the global water resources sector in the coming period. The new changes in priorities, key regions, and implementation pathways are not only likely to have a significant impact on the competition between China and the US in the water resources sector but also may disrupt cooperation between China and its neighboring countries in the field of water resources. China needs to strengthen monitoring, analysis, and scientific planning, and continuously adjust and optimize its policies and pathways for water resources cooperation and governance with neighboring countries to mitigate the risks posed by US competition in water resources.
Keywords：United States;water resources;water resource cooperation; ChinaUS Competition;security strategy；national security
To Solve the Judicial Dilemma of the Coastal Zone Environment: Based on the Principle of Land and Sea Coordination
Mei Hong
There are some interlocking problems in China's coastal environment cases, such as conflict of jurisdiction, disputed application of law, unclear plaintiff qualification, dispute in the determination of the nature of litigation, undetermined connection of litigation procedures, and imperfect judicial enforcement mechanism, which lead to the judicial dilemma of coastal environment. The main reason is that the classification thinking of the ‘dichotomy’ of land and sea has a great influence, and the connotation of the combination of land and sea as a whole has not been fully and deeply understood.In order to solve the judicial dilemma of coastal zone environment, we should not only attach importance to the particularity of coastal zone environment cases, establish them as typed cases and specially fall under the jurisdiction of maritime courts, but also implement the principle of land and sea coordination, to realize the internal coherence of judicial rules and the coordination of legal links.
Keywords: the principle of land and sea coordination; coastal zone; environmental justice; land and sea ‘dichotomy’;case typed; special jurisdiction; judicial construction
Australia's “Strategic Equilibrium” Diplomacy Under the Context of Great Power Competition
Li Tu
Compared to the Morrison administration's staunch support of U.S.'s policy of containing China, the Albanese administration has shown more strategic autonomy, proposing a “multipolar region” and “strategic equilibrium”, advocating regional middle and small countries work together to shape the region they desire. This is not only a continuation of the independent diplomatic tradition of previous Labor governments, but also a measure of Australia's last resolve to survive in the era of USChina Strategic Competition. However, independent diplomacy based on USAustralia alliance is not actually independent, and the strategic equilibrium aiming to constrain China is not equilibrated at all. The paradoxes of Albanese administration's foreign policy are: strengthening Australia's dependence on the US while calling for sovereignty and strategic autonomy; proposing to respect regional countries' choices of allies and partners while trying to win them over to taking sides; looking forward to improving trade and diplomatic relations with China while preparing to deal with the “China Threat” in terms of national defense. It continues to view the AustraliaUS alliance as a guarantee against any risks and uncertainties. Therefore, one should not have overly high expectations for the socalled “independent diplomacy” and “strategic equilibrium” from the Labor government.
Keywords： great power competition;Australia;strategic equilibrium; strategic autonomy;security dependence