The Abstracts of Vol.2,2019
Releasing Time：03.16.2019Source：亚非发展研究所英文
Experts' Pers ectives on Changes Unseen in A Century
Zhang Yunling, Yang Guangbin, etc.
The world is under changes unseen in a century. The shift of fortune and rights brings about the the changes of cultural power. Since the beginning of the 21st century, the world has been undergone the international financial crisis, the rise of China, the coming of Western populism and the transit of the development paradigm, it needs strong international governance. China has never come that close to the world center in the distribution of the international rights and fortune. As the fourth industrial revolution is coming, China needs to achieve the common evolution with the world of the system construction and the development of concept and regulations, which is the the core issue under the the greatest change in the century. To realize the ideal of building a community with a shared future for mankind, it needs fruitful actions and the common efforts of China and the international society including the western countries.
Analysis on the Sovereignty of Diaoyu Islands after the Sino-Japanese War
Lian Degui
On the Sovereignty of Diaoyu Islands after the Sino-Japanese War, The Japanese side proposed that China did not claim sovereignty for 76 years from 1895 to 1971, and also advocated the 1920 Fengmian “letter of thanks”and an article in the People's Daily and a map from 1960. Japanese side proposed that these proofs demonstrated that the Chinese have recognized that the Diaoyu islands belong to Japan. Although Chinese scholars have responded to such Japanese claims, Japan still argues that China only claimed the sovereignty over the Diaoyu Islands after the discovery of oil in the 1970s. To refute the Japanese arguments,apart from using a large amount of evidence from the Ming and Qing Dynasties, it is also necessary to clarify China's attitude towards the ownership of Diaoyu Islands after the Sino-Japanese War and after the Second World War. In particular, the Fengmian “letter of thanks”,the issue of the People's Daily article and the 1960 map must be studied. By analyzing the Japanese misinterpretation of the principle of preemption in international law during the Sino-Japanese War, the origin and significance of the name “Senkaku Islands”, this article demonstrates the Japanese accusations are untenable .
Study on the “Grey Area” of Beyond 200 Nautical Miles Continental Shelf Overlaps With the Economic Zone in the Dispute Over the Northern Part of the Bay of Bengal
Chen Yu
In the border dispute over the northern part of the Bay of Bengal between Bangladesh, Myanmar and India, due to the special characteristics of the “concave” type of the sea and the impact of the Brahmaputra estuary to form the special geological conditions of the territorial sea, the boundaries of the entire sea area is full of complexity and disputes in judicial practice. The demarcation method is appropriately adjusted according to the basic spirit of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea and the fundamental spirit of international law and the principle of“fairness and justice” to achieve the final result. However, several adjustments will result in the continental shelf beyond 200 nautical miles of one party overlapping with the economic zone of the other party. In the issue of adjudicating the “grey zone” effect, the International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea and the Commission on the Limits of the Continental Shelf have flexibly dealt with the relationship between the sovereign rights of the continental shelf beyond 200 nautical miles and the exclusive economic zone, solving the overlapping issue in the “grey zone” through separating the rights and guaranteeing the rights of the parties. This success will also affect the resolution of the “grey zone” in the future seafront boundary disputes or coastal border disputes between neighboring countries.
The Legal Basis and Mechanism Construction for Joint Marine Scientific Research in the Disputed Sea Area of the South China Sea
Wang Yu and Zhang Yanqiang
Recently, although the situation in the South China Sea has generally stabilized, the negative factors that have caused the situation in the South China Sea to heat up again have not been fundamentally eliminated. Therefore, disputed countriesin the South China Sea still need to continuously strengthen cooperation in the low-sensitivity areas to enhance mutual trust. In the disputed areas of the South China Sea, there are unilateral marine scientific research conducted by disputed parties, joint marine scientific research and marine scientific research conducted by a third-party. All these activities have their legal basis. Through the analysis of the legal basis of various methods of marine scientific research and the problems existing in practice, it is found joint marine scientific research is the most ideal way in disputed areas, but its legal basis is still weak in practice. Therefore, in view of the problems existing in joint marine scientific research, this paper argues that a legally binding regional marine scientific cooperation agreement in the disputed area of the South China Sea should be established.
The Strategic Interaction of U.S. and Vietnam in the South China Sea in the Perspective of Indo-Pacific Strategy: Path, Goal and Effect
Cheng Hanping
The U.S. has officially released the US National Intelligence Strategy in January, 2019 after the successive release of National Security Strategy, National Defense Strategy and the Nuclear Posture Review， which has been firstly published in eight years. These reports clearly and publicly list China and Russia as adversaries to U.S., restart the cold war thinking of zero-sum game. Under the Strategy, the U.S. military implemented the Indo-Pacific Strategy of Trump Administration, and interacted with Vietnam in areas of military, law, diplomacy, economy and trade, public opinion and marine development, reflecting they put a high value on US-Vietnam relations in the new geo-political context. Although U.S. and Vietnam have different strategic considerations, their interaction will have great negative effect on the stability of the South China Sea area.
Research on the Interaction between the Construction of Free Trade Port with Chinese Characteristics and the Construction of Maritime Community in the South China Sea
Zhang Ersheng and Li Xuejing
The announcement by President Xi Jinping on behalf of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China that Hainan is a free trade area and supports the establishment of a free trade port with Chinese characteristics, marks a further acceleration of China's reform and opening-up process, which is expected to lead to the establishment of a free trade area on the island. The establishment of Hainan Free Trade Port is bound to promote geopolitical and economic cooperation between Hainan and the countries or regions surrounding the South China Sea, especially maritime cooperation. So it is a better choice to establish a new model of ocean governance to construct the South China Sea Ocean Community. The interaction can promote the economic development of all parties and also the close relations politically. Based on the established facts of spatial reconstruction based on geopolitical and economic links between free trade ports and the South China Sea Community, maritime economic cooperation, complementary marine industries and exchange of marine elements, this paper discusses the interactive mechanism of the construction of a free-trade port and the establishment of a maritime community, and their geopolitical and economic effects, which expects to help to promote the development of the political and economic integration of the countries or regions in the South China Sea.
On China' s Transition on the South China Sea Policy
Wu Jianshu
As U.S. pushes forward its “pivot to Asia” Strategy and then the Indo-Pacific Strategy since 2010, U.S. intervention in the South China Sea dispute between China and the Southeast countries has been getting deeper, which escalated the issue and challenged China's national security. China has to make adjustments to meet the challenge. There are three factors influencing China's policy adjustments: the pressure from the unipolar international system, China's domestic voice and the new media opinion on the pressure, and Chinese leaders' ambition to make a difference. China can take the three methods to make the policy adjustments including making policy, integrating and planning the national resources and making regulations.
Abe's Policy towards North Korea and the Prospect of Japan-DPRK Dialogue under the Turning of the Peninsula Situation
Xu Wansheng and Lyu Chunyan
After the Cold War, the intergovernmental dialogues between Japan and the DPRK, which mainly focused on normalization of diplomatic relations, settlement of historical disputes, North Korea nuclear and missile issues, and the ‘abduction issue’, has been off and on for years. Since Shinzo Abe regime took office in December 2012, Japan's diplomatic policy toward the DPRK has been increasingly tough, which rejected dialogues and tried to force North Korea to make changes through continuous pressure. However, great changes has rapidly taken place in Korean Peninsula in the first half of 2018. Under this circumstance, Abe regime's ‘pressure priority’ policy toward the DPRK has placed Japan in a dilemma that Japan is almost ‘isolated’ from the easing of tension on the Korean Peninsula. In response, the Abe regime had to turn to dialogues with the DPRK, and adjusted some of its diplomatic policy. At present, the prospect of Japan-DPRK dialogue is quite promising. However, the extent to which the relationship between Japan and the DPRK can be improved through dialogues depends on multiple factors. And it will have a complex impact on the geopolitics of the Korean Peninsula.