The Abstracts of Vol.1,2019
Releasing Time：01.16.2019Source：亚非发展研究所英文
The Abstracts of Vol.1,2019
Sino-Japan Relations under Great Changes in the Century
Zhang Yunling
The world is under great changes in the century. The northeast Asia has been undergoing the historic changes of power balance, relation structure and regional order. Its primary duty is to eliminate the root cause of wars and create rules and mechanisms for long peace. The signing of The Treaty of Peace and Friendship between Japan and PRC is the milestone restarting the new relations between China and Japan and closely connecting China's Reform and Opening upThe Sino-Japan relations based on geographic, historic and strategic dimensions need to redesign the future. Under the background of the Sino-Japan relations back on track, the new round of Sino-Japan-Korea economic cooperation is worth looking forward to. China and Japan should seek to enhance the long missing mutual trust and improve the national feelings of both. In the situation of the sharp contradictions of Sino-US relations, China and Japan promoting dialogues and negotiation, and enhancing opening-up and cooperation will do good to both, to the region and even to the world.
A New Paradigm of the U. S Trade Agreement and the Concerning Challenges China Will Confront
Wang Jun
The United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement (USMCA) is a new U. S trade agreement introduced by the Trump administration. As a new paradigm of the U. S agreement, it not only employs a pragmatic approach of negotiation, but also covers a wide range of topics including lots of non-traditional issues that are noteworthy. The agreement in fact can be understood as a declaration of the strategic intention of the U.S to restructure the international trade regulations, and also as a vital strategic means to keep down China's development. Signing up to the USMCA will bring about significant obstructions to China's Go Out policy, greatly affect the realization of China's RTA strategy, and render extremely urgent China's domestic reforms in key fields. Meanwhile, it is highly possible that China will face the challenge of re-entering the WTO. Therefore, China should break the U. S 's“hard iron”fencing a camp by actively and sagaciously making use of the conflicts among the Western countries. Moreover, China should make it clear the market opportunities and trade benefits in order to strengthen the fellowship and collaborations with other related countries. China should also actively promote the reforms of WTO, defend the multilateral system, deepen and further the domestic reforms, and expand the scope of opening-up.
Commentary on The South China Sea Arbitration Awards: A Critical Study
Ma Xinmin and Liu Yang
The South China Sea Arbitration Awards: A Critical Study, produced by the Chinese Society of International Law, represents general views of the Chinese academy of international law on the awards. The Arbitral Tribunal disregarded the fact that the subject-matter of the Philippines' submissions is essentially an issue of territorial sovereignty over certain component features of Nansha Qundao and Huangyan Dao of Zhongsha Qundao, and constitutes an integral part of maritime delimitation between China and the Philippines, exercised its jurisdiction and rendered the awards ultra vires on matters that manifestly do not concern the interpretation or application of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea or matters that have been excluded from compulsory procedures by its declaration of China. In relation to the merits of the submissions, the Tribunal erred in deciding that the Convention has superseded historic rights established under general international law, mischaracterized and erroneously denied China's historic rights in the South China Sea. In addition, the Tribunal disregarded the status of Nansha Qundao and Zhongsha Qundao, being a continental States' outlying archipelogies, each as a unit, and then erred in separately addressing the legal status and its maritime rights of certain maritime features as components of an archipelago. The Tribunal erroneously interpreted and applied regimes of islands and low-tide elevations of the Convention. The Tribunal erroneously denied with false premises the legality of certain activities of China in the South China Sea.
The South China Sea and US-China Rivalry ［U.S］
Andrew Scobell Qin Kai
This article is written by US political scientist Andrew Scobell and originally published on Political Science Quarterly (Volume 133, Number 2, 2018, http://www.psqonline.org). It illustrates the brewing tension between China and US in South China Sea based on geopolitical perspective. After studying the geopolitical sources of great power rivalries, it argues most of those rivalries have substantially involved significant maritime factors. It has also reviewed the two countries' geo-strategies, investigated relevant lessons and explored the future path concerning the contests surrounding the South China Sea. This article is a typical expression of the US side view and may facilitate Chinese scholars' understanding of US stance and arguments on the South China Sea issue. When published in this journal, it has been abridged, especially on parts of notes. Therefore, readers of interest in this article are highly recommended to refer to the original English version. This article simply reflects the author's personal view and does not represent this journal's position.
Analysis on the South China Sea Fishery Disputes in the Perspective of Resource Security
Zhao Lan and Zheng Xianwu
The countries around the South China Sea are geographically dependent on the ocean, and their economic developments rely on the ocean resources. Therefore, fishery disputes have become the focus of the competition for marine resources. Violent incidents, diplomatic conflicts and national antagonism caused by fishery disputes have become prominent issues related to safety and stability of the South China Sea. Some reasons which include the resource scarcity and national sentiment and territorial disputes have intensified the fishery disputes in the South China Sea. In this context, establishing a fishery cooperation mechanism could provide a platform for the resource management in the South China Sea. On one hand, the“spillover effect”produced by fisheries cooperation may increase trust between countries and promote collecting the national interests. On the other hand, fisheries cooperation could become one of the most core contents in the regional security governance.
India's Maritime Security Cooperation with the Southeast Asian Countries under Modi Administration
Liu Lei and Yu Tingting
After coming to power, Modi upgraded the“Look East”policy of East Asia to the“Act East”policy, and further strengthened economic and security cooperation with Southeast Asian countries. At the same time, in 2015, India issued the India Maritime Security Strategy and the India Maritime Doctrine as the official strategic documents for the Modi government to guide the development of the ocean, and paid more attention to foreign maritime security cooperation. On this basis, driven by factors such as geographical connectivity, maritime trade, traditional friendly relations, energy demand and security challenges, the maritime security cooperation between India and Southeast Asian countries has become closer. Although there are still many problems in maritime security cooperation between the two parties due to differences in their respective strategies, strengths and extraterritorial factors. But in general, the trend of increasing maritime security cooperation between India and Southeast Asian countries will have a certain impact on the two parties and the situation in China and the region, which deserves our attention and reflection.
To facilitate mutual understanding on East China Sea issues, a group of distinguished Chinese and Japanese experts of various famed institutions have made a frank and fruitful exchange concerning the roles and legal status of maritime law enforcement agencies in the second round of meeting of the fourth“Sino-Japan East China Sea Maritime Security Dialogue”jointly held by CICOSCSS,Nanjing University and Sasakawa Japan-China Friendship Fund. All the attendees agreed that even if there remained some tough differences between the two states, the path towards substantial coordination and cooperation for common interests and peaceful regional order is wide and clear.
Presidential System in Turkey: A Multi-perspective Analysis
Cao Pengpeng, Han Jun and Wang Le
On June 24, 2018, Turkey held its first general election after the“presidential system”.This election is one of the most important events in the modern history of Turkey, fundamentally changing the domestic political power structure. This article analyzes the reasons why Erdogan and his AKP won the election by examining three variables that influence the Turkish election: domestic politics, economic policy, and foreign relations. The complexity of the domestic political ecology in Turkey, the fragility of the economic governance model, and the lack of foreign policy transformation will be major challenges for the Erdogan government.