The Abstracts of Vol.3,2018

Releasing Time：05.16.2018Source：亚非发展研究所英文

Xi Jinping＇s Report at 19th CPC National Congress and  the New Era of China＇s Diplomacy

Qin Yaqing

President Xi＇s report at the 19th CPC National Congress highlights three characteristics. The first is reaffirming peaceful development. The second is proposing the global governance concept of the principle of achieving shared growth through discussion and collaboration. The third is emphasizing the basic policies of China＇s major-country diplomacy. In order to open a new chapter in diplomacy China is required to properly maintain a sense of balance between peaceful rise and great power strategy, between the global governance and the national strength, between the cooperative security and the national security interests, between domestic and diplomatic discourses. China＇s diplomacy should pay high attention to four issues. The first is to adhere to the basic principles of China＇s foreign policies. The second is to neutralize the cooperative containment from a small group of the countries. The third is to focus on the implementation of OBOR initiative. The fourth is to keep a close watch on the growing trade frictions.

 

The Interest Exchange Analysis on Current China＇s

Neighboring Diplomacy

Qi Huaigao

 Chinais now confronted with complex interest relations with its neighboring countries, especially when the U.S. President Donald Trump prefers to bargain withChinaon the Asia-Pacific affairs. Hence, China＇s neighboring diplomacy urgently needs the support of interest exchange theory and summarization of practice. The interest exchange in China＇s neighboring diplomacy refers to that China and neighboring countries, including China＇s special neighbor U.S., exchange interests “in a proper rate” on economic and trade disputes, periphery security issues, maritime boundaries delimitation and other non-core national interests. The key point of Sino-U.S. exchange of interests in Asia Pacific is to establish positive and stable bilateral relations between the established power (U.S.) and the rising power (China). The economic area will be the important one where interest exchange takes place betweenChinaand theUS. The Korean Peninsula will be an important area of interest exchange in China＇s neighboring diplomacy.Chinais in an urgent need of a package of solutions to the North Korean nuclear issue with stakeholders. The countries concerned should jointly carry out pragmatic policy of interest exchange. Maritime boundaries delimitation will be an important issue in China＇s neighboring diplomacy where China should take actions accordingly.

 

Understanding the Development of India＇s Space

Undertaking: From the Perspective of

Prestige Motivation

Chen Xiang

As an important resource in international politics, prestige contains three pyramiding levels of equal pursuit, honor aspiration and potential seeking, which are the spiritual dimensions of national goals. Pursuing prestige is one common phenomenon of international actors, which reflects obviously on the great power＇s space strategy and game. In recent years,Indiahas progressed rapidly in space undertaking and has been proved to embody prestige motivation. To be specific, India vigorously promotes the space exploration and participates in the space governance, to demonstrate their independent and equal position in the international system, and to enhance India＇s honor and fame by showing its achievements in the field of high technology. The ultimate target ofIndiais to shape the status of great power and the recognition of the identity as a great power. Hence, it could be argued that presitge is one deep perspective to understand India＇s space undertaking and also a unique way to comprehend India＇s grand strategy.

 

From the Perspective of Global Governance Probe Middle Power’s Trend and Influence

Ding Gong

The international community has long had a lack of awareness of the importance of middle power on global governance. This article probes the role of middle power in global governance from historical perspective and empirical analysis. Middle power is the important factor of influencing the evolution of the international system. So the way of middle power cooperation on global governance system is of great significance and of far-reaching practical value.

 

The Impact of Amicus Curiae Submissions on

theSouth China SeaArbitration

Chang Yen-chiang

In the South China Sea Arbitration initiated by thePhilippinesagainstChina, the Chinese (Taiwan) Society of International Law ( “CSIL”) submitted amicus curiae brief to the Annex VII arbitral tribunal established in accordance with UNCLOS. This paper firstly analyses the definition and legal nature of amicus curiae. Then, this paper introduces the cases involving amicus curiae in the International Court of Justice and UNCLOS dispute settlement mechanisms, and analyses relevant statutes and rules of procedure. This paper introduces the acceptance of amicus curiae submissions by international courts or tribunals in different dispute settlement mechanisms. At the end, this paper points out the significance of the amicus curiae brief submitted by the “CSIL” to the arbitral tribunal. This paper concludes that the arbitral tribunal takes a note on the amicus curiae submission and partially accepts the submission.

A Relational Power Analysis: The U.S.-Philippines

Alliance and the Philippines＇ Statecraft

on theSouth China SeaIssue

Deng Jia

Constrained by weak economic and military capabilities, thePhilippinestries to strengthen the U.S.-Philippines alliance in order to gain an edge on theSouth China Seaissue. With the aim to maintain its supremacy in westernPacific,USexploits the standoffs betweenChinaand thePhilippinesin South China Sea and uses those opportunities to improve its alliance with thePhilippines. However, because theU.S.andPhilippineshas different positions on the South China Sea issue and interests in it, and the structural differences between China-U.S. and China-Philippines relations, theU.S.cannot act completely in accordance withPhilippines’ interests on theSouth China Seaissue. Except for helping the Philippines to enhance its defensive capability in a very limited way, the support the U.S. provides is no more than propaganda, which is the construction of the impression that theU.S.has deep concerns for thePhilippinesand stands by its side, and the purpose of which is to misleadChinaand narrow down China＇s policy options. Therefore in the taxonomy of strategies of statecraft, the strategy of strengthening the U.S.-Philippines alliance is classified both as military statecraft and propaganda. The strengthened U.S.-Philippines alliance does not change the status-quo inSouth China Sea. Neither the development of China-U.S. relations nor that of China-Philippines relations is obstructed by it. The strategy of strengthening the U.S.-Philippines alliance is evaluated according to the conditions that A gains power over B in relational power and it concludes that Philippines fails to gain an edge on the South China Sea issue through strengthening the U.S.-Philippines alliance. However, that strategy manifests the Philippines’initiative in transcending its limitations in international politics.

 

US-China Trade War and the Future of

US-Sino Relations

Wang Yong

As US President Donald Trump initiated the investigation ofChinaunder Section301 inMarch, 2018, the US-Sino economic and trade ties have been featured with more strategic competitions, the result of which will greatly influence the future bilateral relations. The paper discusses the main goal of theUStrade war againstChina, and its international and domestic political factors, and inquires into the possible prospects of the trade frictions and its influence on the future US-Sino relations. The author thinks the adjustment ofUStrade policy towardChinaderives from theUSdomestic concerns on the overall rise ofChina, the mid-term election pressure Trump faces and his scandals. If US andChinacannot resume the strategic trust relations, the trade frictions may be out of control, and US andChinamay draw in a new cold war. To carry out effective cooperation under the framework of global governance is the practical way to avoid a Thucydides trap arising from US andChina.

 

An Analysis of the Purpose and the Influence of

Trump＇s Signing of the “Taiwan Travel Act”

Yang Zejun

Following the passage of Taiwan Travel Act by the US Congress, US President Donald Trump signed the bill into law. It reflects the major adjustment of theU.S.policy toChinaand the significantly increasing strength of the “Taiwancard” againstChinaplayed by theU.S.which is aimed to obstruct the peaceful rise ofChinavia “containmentChinabyTaiwan” and to ensure the supremacy of theUSsuperpowers will be not challenged byChina.

The Taiwan issue could pressure China＇s concessions to seek economic and trade interests, and balance the trade deficit between China and the US, moreover, the issue could curry favour with the fundamentalists within the Republican party and the hawks within the U.S. to benefit from it in the following Republican mid-term elections and Trump＇s second term election.

       Regardless of the spirit of the three communiques inChinaand theUnited States, Trump administration trampled on the bottom line of the One-China Policy, and undermined the political foundation for Sino-US relations constituted by the three communiques. Consequently, the relationship between the two countries and between the both sides of theTaiwan Straitis facing a serious challenge. The act will lead to an unstable situation of the Taiwan Straits, and even will affect China＇s normal diplomatic relations with other countries, make it more complex and difficult to deveolp China＇s diplomatic cause.

 

The Australian Perception of “One BeltOne Road” and

China＇s Policy Choices

Xing Ruili and Liu Yanfeng

 “One BeltOne Road” Initiative has aroused strong repercussions among international community.Australiaas a regional power and medium-sized power, its perception and attitudes are worth of attention. In Australian views, China＇s “One Belt One Road” Initiative has its economic and geopolitical considerations; but also means opportunity forAustralia. At present, there are two different views inAustralia. The first view is thatAustraliashould seize the opportunity to join in as soon as possible; the second view suggests thatAustraliashould not act too hastily and be cautious. The Australian government is in a policy dilemma, within which there are differences. It reflects that there has formed a certain perceptional structure. In view of this, China should continue to strive for Australia＇s understanding and positive response, to accelerate the link pace between “OBOR” and Australian “Northern Development” and “Infrastructure Plan”, to set up relevant cooperation framework, and to continue to strengthen the mutual strategical trust between the two countries.

 

An Analysis of the Abe Government＇s Policy toward

the North Korean Nuclear Issue

Wu Qiong

The Abe government＇s policy toward the North Korean nuclear issue has three strategic goals: first, to curb North Korea nuclear and missile development so as to eliminate the nuclear threat from North Korea; second, to amend the constitution and strengthen its military forces in order to get rid of the post-war situation; third, to enhance the Japan-US alliance and improve Japan＇s position in the alliance. The Abe government has implemented the strategy from both internal and external dimensions. The Abe government in the internal increases the military budget, trying to have and improve the dual defense strategy of “prevention mechanism + attack mechanism”. In other words, by upgrading and strengthening the missile defense system to build land, sea and air self-defense integrated ballistic missile defense system,Japancan have the pre-emptive strike capability in the premise of the lifting collective self-defense. In the external, the Abe government adopts progressive structure of “strengthening regional deterrence + intensifying international diplomacy + enhancing UN Security Council sanctions” to deal withNorth Koreanuclear threat. However, under the restriction of various factors from home and abroad, it is difficult for the Abe government to achieve the objectives on the North Korean nuclear issue; instead, it will have negative influence on regional situation.