The Abstracts of Vol.4,2017

Releasing Time：07.21.2017Source：亚非发展研究所英文

Ted R﹒Bromund, Michael Auslin and Colin Dueck

  The authors criticized U.S.foreign policy after the end of the Cold War, by claiming it focused on the international order instead of U.S. interests, and thus failed to recognize the widespread public dissatisfaction.They proposed the true purpose of U.S. foreign policy was to protect the freedom of individual Americans,and the so-called “liberal international order” was merely the means to achieve that end.Therefore, they suggested that the U.S. should return to traditional realism, and recognize the values and limits of U.S. power. According to them, the best strategy for U.S.is to deter against our adversaries, imposing costs on them, instead of to fight a war.

 

Trump Foreign Policy Less Unconventional  Than Promised

David Skidmore

  Contrary to popular belief, American presidents have limited ability to shape United States foreign policy according to their own ideas, interests and preferences.Although presidents may appear to be all-powerful, presidential choice is constrained by broader international and domestic factors,including the institutional checks and balances built into America’s constitutional structure.Even a president such as Donald Trump, who delights in his outsider status and promised to disrupt traditional thinking, must eventually conform to conventional practices and ideas in large degree.As a result,continuity across presidencies typically outweighs change.

 

 

The Focus, Origin and Development Trend

of Strategic Game between China and

 the U.S.A.in the South China Sea

Yang Zhirong

  In recent years, China and the United States have been carrying out a fierce strategic game in the South China Sea in three main areas: reef building, freedom of navigation and dispute settlement.The inner causes mainly are that the two countries struggle for national interests, and dominance in the South China Sea, and have differences in ocean policies (or influence) .In the period ahead, the Sino-US strategic game in the South China Sea will exist for a long time for the policy that U.S. adopted to contain China by the use of the South China Sea issue will not be changed fundamentally, meanwhile, the game will be under control. Because the two countries deeply rely on each other, and the Sino-US relations will not be ruined by the South China Sea issue.However, the possibility of the two countries to spark a conflict accidentally cannot be ruled out, because of the US’s deep involvement in the South China Sea disputes and increasing its military forces in the South China Sea.With China’s comprehensive strength keeps growing, China will steadily increase the strategic influence in the South China Sea.

 

A Study of the South China Sea Issue from

the Perspective of Discourse

Mao JiawuHuang Dongdong

  The power of discourse has become a primary focus of attention for many countries in this age of globalization.The South China Sea issue is one topic which has inspired many researchers around the world to debate their views.It is of prime importance considering that the region’s status is not only one of the key political issues in the Asian Pacific due to its abundance of natural resources and strategic territories, but also holds great importance for China’s national image and reputation.The thesis summarizes the status-quo of studies relating to the South China Sea issue and points out various shortcomings while offering suggestions.

 

 

A Study on the Discourse of “Freedom of Navigation”

 in China’s Diplomacy

Huang Mian

  “Freedom of navigation” is a basic criterion of international maritime law, which, however, has become the political discourse under the United States’careful embellishment to render “China threat” in the South China Sea and to take the opportunity to implement military provocation in the surrounding waters.And the discourse is also regarded by the US as a public opinion tool to prevent the rise of China’s maritime power and achieve US’s marine hegemony.The United States’ malicious speculation on “freedom of navigation” in the South China Sea has caused damages to China’s international image and regional security, and China-US debate on “freedom of navigation” has become an important crux of the development of bilateral relations.In the process of the United States hyping tensions in the South China Sea behind the stage, under great pressure China gradually formed a more systematic understanding of the “freedom of navigation” discourse.And China has achieved a change of the attitude to the discourse from the West from cautious suspicion to gradual acceptance, also in the use of the discourse from the passive reaction to active response, reflecting the Chinese government’s being self-confident and mature.The China-US debate on “freedom of navigation” seems a competition of discourse, which in fact is a rivalry of sea power and interests.China should maintain and strengthen dialogue with the United States at all levels to manage and control divergences between the two sides, expand the consensus and seek cooperation on the “freedom of navigation”. China may as well consider reestablishing the connotation of “freedom of navigation” to promote construction of the South China Sea maritime security cooperation mechanism and reflect her major power responsibility.

 

A Study of the Conceptions and Methods of

China’s Marine Power Strategy

Ge Hongliang

  China’s marine power strategy was proposed as an important goal of national development at the 18th National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) in 2012. And this strategy is a first total plan of the relations between oceans and the development of national constructions at central strategic level. Before and after the proposing of this strategy, a question that how China would implement her marine power strategy becomes a focus of research.Essentially, the question is about the views and the methods of China’s marine power strategy.In this paper the author makes a comment on the existing research achievements, and makes a research on the views and behavioral logic of the strategy, and then generalizes philosophical connotation of this maritime strategy.It is concluded that China’s strategy is the result of the awakening of marine consciousness and the inheriting of Chinese traditional marine cognition. As a result, China’s strategy of marine power is on the base of “harmony” idea and highlights the building of marine partnership.And China’s marine power strategy emphasizes peace and cooperation in perception, and focuses on the development of the nation.In the view of Chinese people, the ocean is open, and all countries should dialogue with each other and make use of rules to deal with the competition on the marine affaires.

 

Review on Domestic Studies of the History

 of China’ s Islands

Xu Yingying

  In recent years，many researches on the island problem from the historical perspective have been done in academia, relating to its historical evolution and policy management, the coastal defense construction, marine transportation and sea lanes, immigration, exploration and development and so on.Through the literature review of the history documents, research works, islands chronicles, journal papers of islands history, the paper summarizes the historical researches through synthetic studies and area studies.It also attempts to summarize potential problems for further studies.

 

Asia-Pacific Rebalancing, Middle East Offshore

Balancing,and the Breakthrough in Iran

Nuclear Issue

Yue Hanjing

  The breakthrough in Iran nuclear issue is closely and directly related to the Asia-Pacific rebalancing strategy. Shortly after Obama’s holding power,the U.S. began to carry out the Asia-Pacific rebalancing strategy.Limited by its capacity, the U.S. needed to get away from the Middle East to successfully carry out the strategy. But the Middle East region had always been one of the strategic focuses of the U.S., and therefore, the Obama administration, while getting away from the Middle East, must also see to the maintenance of the U.S. interests in the region. It launched the Middle East offshore balancing strategy, characterized by the policy of contracting power and manipulating chaos.Iran is a regional power, and unless the Iran nuclear issue came to a breakthrough, it would be difficult for U.S.to get away from the Middle East and unfavorable for it to establish new balance in the region and thus even more difficult for it to smoothly carry out its Middle East offshore balancing strategy.And therefore, the U.S.needed a breakthrough in Iran nuclear issue.

 

Challenges to the Sino-Korean Relationship

and the Countermeasures

Zhang XizheLiang Yabin

  As DPRK conducted its fourth nuclear test and hence ROK decided to deploy THAAD, the Sino-Korean relationship, which was once in honeymoon, has turned frigid, showing the great vulnerability of the bilateral relationship.The two great challenges the Sino-Korean relationship is facing now are the controversy over the deploymnet of THAAD and the fishery disputes.The former concerns the security structure of the Northeast Asia and the geo political position and interests of the two countries; the nature of the latter is the maritime delimitation.The intensifying conflicts are pushing the Sino-Korean relationship to opposites.If it is worsing, Sino-Korean relationship may face the tendency of Justification of Hostility Crisis Hence, how China and Korea comprehend and respond to the problems are the key to the future Sino-Korean relationship.China and Korea should confront and settle the problems from the respectives of the international law and crisis management, in order to aoviding irreversible damages to the Sino-Korean relationship.

 

Singapore’s Concerns for the Maritime Terrorism

and Its Countermeasures after “9·11” Attack

Zhu Dawei

  The infamous “9·11” attack in New York City changed the way Singapore’s government approached maritime security.The reality of the maritime terrorism threat has become a major concern for Singapore’s national security plans.Considering its vulnerability to maritime terrorism, Singapore is building an integrated and multi-layered maritime security defense system through domestic institutional reconstruction and integration.It is also developing a multilateral and global maritime security cooperation.Singapore’s recent developments in its maritime security infrastructure has led to a vastly improved security situation in the city-state which sits in the middle of the world’s busiest shipping gateway.Still, the security should be kept up to date, as there are many serious challenges faced by the various maritime security management organizations around the world.

 

 

An Analysis of Azerbaijan’s Strategic Cooperative

Relations with Israel

Xie Lichen    Lei Jiali

  In recent years, the relationship between Azerbaijan and Israel has obtained great development in various areas.Their bilateral relationship shows a strong momentum of development. High-level visits and political exchanges are frequent between the two countries.Economic and trade cooperations have developed rapidly.Their bilateral cooperation is also much closer in the field of military security.To a large extent, the reasons for the development are that the two countries rely on each other in political and economic fields.The development of Azerbaijan-Israel “strategic partnership” embodies the paradox of civilization conflict.The special identity of Azerbaijan can serve as a bridge of the Arab-Israel peace talks.To a certain extent, the development of bilateral relations will also have a certain impact on geopolitical landscape However, in the long run, Israel’s “strategy of peripheral” and Azerbaijan’s “balance diplomacy” Will cause the “strategic partnership” between the two countries certain variables and limitations inevitably.