The Abstracts of Vol.1,2015
Releasing Time：01.16.2015Source：
The Rise of IS and Expansion of Extremism in the Middle East
Wang Lian
The chaos caused by IS in the Middle East is the portraiture of the current development of political Islamism in the region, in which religious extremism got involved. Although the US and the West have launched a new round of air raids, military operations would not in a short run resolve the issue because of the different considerations of self-interests and internal political turmoil of countries concerned. As a result, the spread of religious extremism will continue. The future political changes in the Middle East can be seen in the past political development in Turkey, Iran and Pakistan.
China’s Diplomatic Involvement in the Reconstruction of Afghanistan
Liu Zhongmin, Fan Peng
China’s diplomatic involvement in the reconstruction of Afghanistan may be divided roughly into two phases: keeping a low profile and getting deeply involved. Especially since 2013, with the US withdrawal of its troops from Afghanistan approaching to an end, the situation in Afghanistan changing, and the importance of neighboring diplomacy in China’s diplomacy rising, the new generation of Chinese leadership pursued a clearer policy towards Afghanistan, as seen in the initiative and growing dynamics of China’s diplomatic involvement in the reconstruction of Afghanistan. The military withdrawal of the US and NATO from Afghanistan has exerted profound impact on the reconstruction process of Afghanistan and security situation in the region. Against such backdrop, how to well manage the various relations concerned with the Afghanistan issue and how to help Afghanistan achieve its goal of “self governance” and “self ownership” are the major issues China is facing in her Afghanistan diplomacy.
A Summary of the Major Factors of Network Technology Affecting National Security
Liu Xudong
With the transition of PC and mainframe systems to client-server mode, the application of computer networks is increasingly spreading and deepening, and the data processed concerns not only politics, economy, military, S&T and diplomacy of a nation, but also the management and development policies of a group or a unit, and privacy of a family or a person, as the computer information system in networks has become an embracive tool of information processing and storage. As a result, the security of NIS has become a serious problem. Nonetheless, computer networks presently do not have the security protection ability which can match its importance. Although computer information systems have many powerful features, they have many weaknesses or vulnerabilities for attacks. As quite a few scholars within the country have touched the issue from different perspectives, this paper intends to briefly summarize their viewpoints.
The Features of How the US Defines its National Interests and Goals and an Analysis of the Causes
Wang Rong
Although the US national security strategy has defined its national security interests and strategic goals variously in accordance with different settings of the time and understanding of the international pattern at different times, the general features it has shown are consistent and unequivocal. The NSS is the primary strategic document in which the US government has defined its national security strategies since 1987. This paper, based on the studies of the past NSS’s of the US, intends to explain the features of how the US defined its national security interests and strategic goals at different times, while exploring their causes.
An Analysis of the US New Anti-terrorism Policy
Zheng Dongchao
Faced with the strong offensive of IS, the US has finally come to the front stage, introducing a new policy to “weaken and destroy it”. The US new anti-terrorism policy is comprehensive: taking air raids as the major form of military intervention, including the Syria crisis into the War on Terror, establishing a network of international counter-terrorism coalition and providing both military and humanitarian aid. So to speak, the Iraq policy of the Obama administration has undergone a complete change from “standing aloof” to “getting deeply involved” because of the rise of IS, which has shown not only the needs of the US to continue with the anti-terrorism policy andto safeguard the interests of itself and its allies, but also its intention to lead the situation in the Middle East and maintain it global leadership. As the Obama administration only has two years left in office, it is not likely that the US would drastically adjust its Middle East policy, but instead changing its approach from restraint and holding back to aggressiveness and intervention.
The US Policy on the Diaoyu Islands and China’s Countermeasures
Cui Ge
In September 2012, Japan illegally internationalized the issue of the Diaoyu Islands, which has greatly intensified the disputes between China and Japan over the Diaoyu Islands. This paper reviewed the changes of stances and attitudes of the US on the disputes between China and Japan over the Diaoyu Islands since the end of the Second World War, which revealed that the US had created the Diaoyu Islands issue out of the consideration of its national interests and the needs of its East Asia strategy, and afterwards used the issue to check and balance the two countries. The paper also has made recommendations in regard to how China would respond to the US policy on the Diaoyu Islands. Namely, China should strengthen her sovereignty over the Diaoyu Islands by declaring her jurisprudence basis and strengthening her jurisdiction of the islands, bringing about across straight cooperation, and upgrading their exploitation, so as to realize her real jurisdiction of the Diaoyu Islands gradually.
Turkey’s Central Asia Policy and the Construction of the “Silk Road Economic Belt”
Su Chunyu
In the post Cold War era, Central Asia has become a new geo-strategic asset of international contention because of its important positions of geo-politics, geo-economy and geo-culture. Turkey, out of its objective needs to respond to international situation, pursue its big power ambition and require the abundant natural resources in Central Asia, has seen Central Asia as the “axis of its diplomatic strategy”. Since AKP came to power, Turkey’s Central Asia strategy has tended to be more practical and diversified. The idea of “Silk Road Economic Belt” suggested by China accords with the strategic goals and development appeals of both China and Turkey, which would promote the economic and trade development and cultural exchanges of the two countries, and which would also agglomerate their security awareness and bring them together to fight the “three evil forces” so as to build a safety barrier along the belt.
The Silk Road Economic Belt: Some Strategic Reflections on Tourism Cooperation between China and Turkey
Wei Min
Turkey formally became a tourist destination for Chinese citizens in 2002, which has brought the tourism cooperation between China and Turkey into a phase of comprehensive development. Over the recent years, the number of Chinese tourists going to Turkey increased like a blowout, which has made China the fastest growing tourist origin of Turkey. Tourism is Turkey’s pillar industry, to which the ruling party AKP has attached great importance. Against the background of the Silk Road Economic Belt construction, tourism cooperation between China and Turkey, as the two ends of the ancient Silk Road, would play an important role in strengthening their friendly exchanges, promoting their mutual trust, improving their economic and trade relationship and pushing forward the construction of the Silk Road Economic Belt. This paper has analyzed the resources, status quo and basis for sustainable development of tourism cooperation between the two countries and offered some strategic reflections on the future of such cooperation.
“Resource Curse” in African Mining Development and the Way Out
Piao Yingji
For quite a long time, the basic drive of MNCs’ investment in Africa has been obtaining its mineral resources, especially those with high values and needed in great quantity internationally, which has greatly benefited the African countries with such resources. But many African countries with abundant mineral resources do not achieve sustainable development with the prosperity brought about by the mining industry; instead, they have been trapped in the “resources curse” predicament. In essence, “resources curse” is the result of mismanagement of the governments concerned of their natural resources, which has led to the weakening of their governance and brought about development dilemma of various kinds. To cast off “resources curse”, the governments of countries with abundant natural resources should raise their ability of governance and to translate their resource advantages into comparative advantages for economic development.
An Initial Analysis of the Relationship between African Islam and European Colonialism
Li Wengang
African Islam is the product of the introduction of Islam into Africa and its mixture with the indigenous religions and cultures over the centuries, which has prominent features of its own. For a long time, the relationship between African Islam and colonialism has been a “hot spot” of academic studies. Faced with the invasion of European colonialism, African Islam resisted persistently and engaged in nonviolent struggles. When armed resistance failed, some Muslim leaders chose to cooperate with colonialists for survival and development. The “Indirect Rule” or “assimilation” policy of colonialists has had profound impact on African Islam. Therefore, the relationship between them is very complicated, and cannot be simplified as “confrontation” or “cooperation”. Instead, such a relationship should be studied case by case.
The Moral Concerns of a Man Who Favors Interest First and His Dilemma
---- An Initial Analysis of the Moral Outlook in Politics among Nations: Struggle for Power and Peace by Hans Morgenthau
In his classical works Politics among Nations: Struggle for Power and Peace, Hans Morgenthau has used such terms as “power” and “interest”, which have become the basic elements of international political studies, and expressed his view on morality, which is largely neglected. This paper has systematically studied the moral outlook Morgenthau expressed in his book from both theoretical and illustrational perspectives, and found out two mainlines of his moral concerns, namely the discussion of why one cannot and must not place abstract moral principles above the considerations of political actions, and the dialectical recognition of the role morality played in the reality of national interests and in safeguarding the common interests of the international community. The paper also analyzed the dilemma Morgenthau is caught in on moral issues and its cause, and pointed out the theoretical and practical significance of Morgenthau’s moral concerns.