The Abstracts of Vol.2,2014
Releasing Time：03.16.2014Source：
ABSTRACTS
Armed Intervention of ECOWAS of the Conflicts in West Africa: Background, Process and Trends
Liu Hongwu, Deng Wenke
Since the end of the Cold War, conflicts in West Africa which endanger peace and security in the region have never stopped. As the major regional organization of West Africa, ECOWAS (especially in the 1990s) has taken positive actions against such conflicts: ECOOG has performed active armed intervention of the major conflicts and successfully completed its missions in spite of all the domestic and international difficulties and challenges. Analysis of the background, process and trends of the armed intervention of ECOWAS may help us better understand the evolution of regional security situation in West Africa in the post Cold War era and the current international relations in the region.
A Comparative Analysis of the Old and New Egyptian Constitutions against the Backdrop of Political Transformation
Wang Qiong
Every time when Egyptian constitution was revised or re-drafted, it was always concerned with the issue of complicated political transformation at home. Although the constitution of 2014 removed the much debated provisions concerning Shari’a from the constitution 2012, the constitutional position of Shari’a can hardly be much weakened as Moslems account for the majority of the population in Egypt. From the 2012 constitution to the 2014 constitution, political position of the military has been getting much strengthened, though the expansion of martial court jurisdiction and the limits on the right of civil assembly have been criticized. However, citizen’s political, economic and social rights in Egypt are getting enriched. From these changes of the constitution, we can see Egypt is moving in a positive direction, but fundamental changes are impossible in a short run because of the complicated issues left over from the past.
An Initial Analysis of Border Disputes of Lake Malawi
Wu Tao
Lake Malawi, situated between Malawi, Mozambique and Tanzania, is the third largest lake in Africa. Malawi has the bulk of the sovereign right over Lake Malawi, and its border with Mozambique in the southeastern part of the lake has been clearly demarcated. But Malawi and Tanzania have border disputes in northeastern part of the lake, which has put the two countries into an endless quarrel. Since 2011, contention for oil and gas resources has become a new factor, which would affect the development of the issue of border disputes and its resolution. This article will dwell on the focus of disputes over the demarcation between the two countries, its evolution and the possible way to resolve the issue in the future.
Islands Disputes and Japan’s Nationalism
Zhu Fenglan
Japan has sovereign disputes over some islands with South Korea, China and Russia, whose birth and development, mainly boosted by Japan’s nationalism, have run through Japan’s national development strategy. In the construction of Japan’s nation-state, although nationalism has taken different forms, the pursuit of territorial expansion has remained its focus. As Japan’s nationalist appeal is identical with its national development strategy and national interest, the intensity of islands disputes surely corresponds to the ideological trends of Japan’s nationalism.
Japan’s Future Military Development Trends from the Perspective of the New Guidelines
Guo Qingbao
Based on the judgment that “the security environment is deteriorating”, Japan has issued its fifth defense program guidelines since the end of World War II, which clearly outlines the direction of Japan’s military development in the next 10 years. Namely, to take North Korea and China as major rivals for military combat, to build a comprehensive defense system with “three pillars” in development strategy, to boost its combat capability to cope with such emergencies as conflicts over the disputed islands and missile attacks, to strengthen military deployment in its southwestern region in preparation for war, to make its troops more mobile and more amalgamated in combat, and to make its troops more deterring and more capable in military operations.
The Collision of Geo-political Interest between China and India in Myanmar
Wei Jianfeng
At the end of the Cold War, China began to actively promote political cooperation with Myanmar and increased economic and technical assistance as well as investment in Myanmar’s infrastructure, all of which have boosted China’s influence in Myanmar. Nevertheless, India deemed that China coming down south to Myanmar has threatened its economic and security interest in that country as well as the implementation of its “Eastward Policy”. As a result, India began to get involved in the South China Sea issue and engage in political maneuver to obstruct China’s coming down to Myanmar. The collision of interest between China and India not only makes it impossible for the two countries to cooperate in Myanmar, but also urges Myanmar to step up its implementation of the balance of power strategy by using India to counterbalance China’s influence in Myanmar.
Benefit Analysis of Strengthened Sino-Russia Cooperation in Central Asia under the New situation
Guo Qiong
The U.S. will withdraw its troops from Afghanistan in 2014, which would make the flimsy security situation in Central Asia face more complicated tests as well as China and Russia confront a series new security challenges. Faced with these challenges, China and Russia should further strengthen their cooperation in Central Asia, which would be of great significance not only to the stability and prosperity in Central Asia, but also to the political, security and economic interest of both countries.
The Role of the Overseas Chinese in Malaysia in Promoting China’s Public Diplomacy and Some Constraints
Lin Fengchun
The roles Malaysian Chinese play in the promotion of China's public diplomacy to Malaysia are as follows: play as the messenger of cultural exchange and representatives of foreign ideas and state image ,building up the bridge for China and Malaysia in the bilateral economic cooperation.However,there are some limitations and restrictive factors for Malaysian Chinese in China's public diplomacy to Malaysia objectively,such as Malaysian Chinese hardly make a difference to such rigid contradiction as South China sea issue which involves core interests of the two countries; their political and social influence are disturbed by racial consciousness; cognitive differences to "China"legal foundation of the domination problems; Malaysian Chinese society has chronically appeared division phenomenon and so on.
China’s CSR in Africa: A Case Study of Zambia-China Economic and Trade Cooperation Zone (ZCCZ)
An Chunying
ZCCZ is a new form of China’s investment in Africa, whose sustainable development depends much on whether the companies involved would fulfill their CSR. ZCCZ is the first economic and trade cooperation zone the Chinese government has built in Africa, which has made great contribution to the social and economic development of the host countries by establishing SR management system; attracting investment for the local companies; creating output values, taxes and jobs; raising the technical skills of the local workforce; improving the insurance mechanism of enterprises; protecting ecological environment; and participating social and public welfare activities. By doing so, the companies have ensured their own sustainable development. From the case study of ZCCZ, we can see that fulfillment of CSR is an imperative and a direction for the Chinese companies to ensure their sustainable and healthy development in Africa.
The Impact of the Arctic Sea-route on the Global Energy Trade Pattern
Zou Zhiqiang
Of late, the opening of the Arctic sea-route and the exploitation of resources there have made it a new factor that impacts the change of global economic and energy trade pattern as well as a new variable that influences the power position of major Euro-Asian economies as well. As a new route for international energy transportation, the Arctic sea-route will to some extent alter the geological direction of global energy trade, change the power relations of different nations and regions in the global energy trade pattern, make the control of international energy price move further to the developed nations with the U.S. at the center and weaken other oil producing and consuming nations’ influence over the international energy price.
A Study of the Goal Setting of African National Tourism
Luo Gaoyuan
Since the beginning of the 21st century, the majority of African countries, having fully recognized the importance to tourism in national economy, have successfully introduced policies or measures to boost the development of tourism. However, the share and position of African tourism in international tourist market up until now do not match its vastness, enormous population and advantageous resources. This article will begin by exploring the development of African tourism and its special features, analyze the position of African tourism in the pattern of global tourism, and propose some personal views and suggestions for the development of African tourism in view of the future development trends of international tourism.